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KMID : 0191120200350020015
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Journal of Korean Medical Science
2020 Volume.35 No. 2 p.15 ~ p.15
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Cigarette Smoking in Men and Women and Electronic Cigarette Smoking in Men are Associated with Higher Risk of Elevated Cadmium Level in the Blood
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Lee Jae-Woo
Kim Ye-Seul
Kim Yong-Hwan
Yoo Hyo-Sun
Kang Hee-Taik
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Abstract
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Background: We investigated the association between blood concentration of cadmium and smoking status including use of electronic cigarettes (E-cigars).
Methods: We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Survey 2013 and 2016. A total of 4,744 participants (2,162 men and 2,582 women) were included and were categorized into five groups (Non-smokers, E-cigar non-users in past-smokers, E-cigar users in past-smokers, E-cigar non-users in cigarette-smokers and E-cigar users in cigarette-smokers). Cadmium blood concentration was categorized into tertiles. All sampling and weight variables were stratified, and analysis to account for the complex sampling design was conducted.
Results: In both genders, the geometric cadmium concentration was significantly different according to smoking status (both genders, analysis of variance P value < 0.001). In men, E-cigar users were significantly higher than the non-smokers (P value = past-smokers, 0.017; cigarette-smokers, < 0.001) when fully adjusted. Compared with non-smokers, fully-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest cadmium tertiles of E-cigar non-users in cigarette-smokers and E-cigar users in cigarette-smokers were 6.56 (3.55?12.11) and 5.68 (1.96?16.50) in men and 2.74 (1.42?5.29) and 1.29 (0.10?17.44) in women.
Conclusion: Conventional cigarette smoking in men and women and E-cigar use in men are associated with higher risk of elevated blood cadmium level. Preventive management of cadmium exposure monitoring in conventional cigarette-smokers and E-cigar users may be needed.
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KEYWORD
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Cadmium, Electronic Cigarette, Smoking, Tobacco
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